On 20 October, Rwanda-backed M23 rebels claimed control of the eastern Congolese town of Kalembe after battles that pushed out the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s armed forces and a government-backed coalition of local militia known as the ‘Wazalendo’ (Swahili for ‘patriots’).
According to news agency Reuters, Congolese army spokesman Sylvain Ekenge said the army retook the town a day later. Residents say fighting continues, and many of them have fled the embattled town.
Kalembe sits on one of two main roads leading to the mineral-rich Walikale territory in the western part of North Kivu province, where there are vast gold, coltan and diamond deposits. The US government estimates the DRC holds $24 trillion in mineral reserves.
The UN says M23 militia generate around $300,000 in monthly revenue in the Rubaya coltan-mining region, which they captured in April after intense fighting. Coltan is used to power devices like smartphones and computers. 
Some 2.6 million residents of the war-torn North Kivu province have been displaced as of September 2024, according to the UN. With over 7 million people in total forced to flee their homes, the Democratic Republic of Congo has the world’s second-largest internal displacement crisis after Sudan. Rwanda still denies supporting M23 but says it has taken so-called denfesive measures.
Sources
https://www.rfi.fr/en/africa/20240804-slim-prospects-for-peace-as-drc-rwanda-ceasefire-takes-force
https://thedefensepost.com/2024/10/20/fighting-drc-m23-militia/
https://www.barrons.com/news/m23-seizes-east-dr-congo-town-in-ceasefire-violation-206e872b
https://trtafrika.com/africa/m23-claims-control-of-drc-town-in-ceasefire-violation-18223879
https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/democratic-republic-congo-market-overview
https://www.iom.int/news/world-must-not-ignore-dr-congos-worsening-humanitarian-crisis-iom